Journal: bioRxiv

Article Title: Retinal ganglion cell input to superior colliculus encodes salient information

doi: 10.1101/2025.11.06.687035

Figure Lengend Snippet: ( a ) Retina flatmount from a mouse injected with AAV2/2-hSyn-GAP43-GCaMP6s into the vitreous of the eye. ( b ) Coronal brain section from the same mouse showing SC with fluorescent RGC axon terminals. ( c ) In vivo 2P fluorescence image of RGC boutons in sSC. ( d ) Example ΔF/F 0 traces and polar plots for 8 regions of interest (ROIs) circled in c , averaged across stimulus repeats. Dashed line: onset of drifting grating. Shaded areas: ± S.E.M. Polar plots: outer circle represents maximal ΔF/F 0 ; inner circle represents 50% of max ΔF/F 0 . ( e ) Direction-selective (DS) boutons color-coded by preferred direction. Gray boutons are visually responsive (max ΔF/F 0 > 10%) but not DS. Bars indicate the grating orientation and arrows indicate direction of motion, respectively. ( f ) Orientation-selective (OS) boutons color-coded by preferred orientation. Gray boutons are visually responsive but not OS. ( g ) DS boutons color-coded by preferred direction in 25 FOVs over 450 μm × 450 μm in sSC. B.V.: blood vessel. ( h ) gDSI distributions for DS (gray bars; 2268 boutons, median 0.43) or non-DS (hollow bars; 4742 boutons, median 0.19) boutons in the FOVs in g . p value: 8.63e-154. ( i ) Preferred direction distribution for DS boutons. ( j ) OS boutons color-coded by preferred orientation for the same FOVs shown in g . ( k ) gOSI distributions for OS (gray bars; 2374 boutons, median 0.33) or non-OS (hollow bars; 4636 boutons, median 0.22) boutons in j . p value: 9.89e-80. ( l ) Preferred orientation distribution for OS boutons.

Article Snippet: Before placing the cranial window onto the mouse, 5 μL of solution containing 2 μm diameter red fluorescent beads (Invitrogen FluoSpheres; diluted in phosphate buffered saline) were pipetted onto the surface of the SC to aid in adaptive optics correction of aberrations.

Techniques: Injection, In Vivo, Fluorescence

Journal: Scientific reports

Article Title: Multiline orthogonal scanning temporal focusing (mosTF) microscopy for scattering reduction in in vivo brain imaging.

doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-57208-6

Figure Lengend Snippet: Figure 1. Schematic of mosTF imaging system. (a) mosTF setup. Flip mirrors (M1-M3) are utilized to direct light along two alternative paths, thereby rotating the scanning orientation (indicated by the dashed box). Refer to the Methods section for detailed information about the setup. (b–e) mosTF reconstruction process. (b) The object to be imaged through scattering media. (c) mosTF captures each intermediate image at every scan position. The dashed lines indicate the locations of the four scanning lines. (d) The algorithm then sums scattered photons within the adjacent area (rs) back to the scanning line position. This process is repeated for all n intermediate images collected during scanning in both the vertical and horizontal directions. (e) The combination of reconstructed images from both directions results in the final image. (f) Measured PSF of mosTF (left) and the corresponding lateral and axial intensity profiles of the PSF (right top and bottom, respectively). Fluorescent nanoparticles of 200 nm size were used for this measurement. Scale bar, 1 µm.

Article Snippet: Our samples consisted of 200 nm diameter red fluorescent beads (the same as used for the PSF measurement) mounted in clear medium (Fluoromount-G®, SouthernBiotech, AL, USA).

Techniques: Imaging